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Carousel Previous Carousel Next. Colloquial Korean the Complete Course for Beginners. Jump to Page. Search inside document. Particles How to Use This Book. Korean Sentence Structure 4 na. Conjugation of Verbs and Adjectives 0.
Connecting Sentences ue, nol 2. Demands and Obligations, Permission and Prohibition vae al2, v-x oa. Sentence Types Korean has four main santence types: declarative, interrogative, imparative, and propositive, Moreover, the sentence type is influenced by Korean speech styles, which can be divided into three main types: formal polite, informal polite, and informal plain.
Compared to the formal polite style, the informal polite style is softer and less formal, and therefore it is used mainly among family members, friends, and other close acquaintances. Furthermore, although the formal polite style has different forms for each of the four sentence types declarative, interrogative, imperative, and propositive , the informal polite style uses the same form for all four types. Thus, sentence types in this style are determined by the situation and sentence intonation, For this reason, the informal polite style is less complicated than the formal polite style.
It is considered rude to use the informal plain style with somebody one does not know personally or with whom one is not very close. Here we examine the formal polite and informal polite styles only. See also Unit 1. Do you set bread? Because they have the same form as declarative sentences, they are made interrogative by being spoken with a rising intonation at the end of the sentence and also by adding a question mark to the written form.
See also Unit 7. See also Unit It cannot be used when speaking to a superior. It is considered improper etiquette to Use this expression toward a superior or elder.
WD go. The subject is omitted and understood by the situation or context. Honorific Expressions Due to the influence of Confucian thought on Korean society, it is common for Korean speakers to use both honorific and humble forms of speech in conversation according to age, farnily relationships, social status, and social distance degree of intimacy. To honor the subject, 2 A is added to the stems of adjectives and verbs.
My father wont to Busan last year Honorifics are used when the listener is older or of higher social status than the speaker and also when the speaker and listener are not acquainted with each other, regardless of age. Final endings are used to express the degree of respect, and they can be formed from each of the formal polite, informal polite, and informal plain styles, See also Korean Sentence Structure 4. Do you have time tomorow? How is your wife? Grandpa gives a present to a friend.
Our company president is a generous person. Shall we speak with Dad? What is your name? How old are you? APH Ho] 7b B tol 2? Mom gave a present tome. A BRUM? See also Unit 2. A What is this? B 7Peduct, B It's a bag A sya? BY , Baaduch. B alfa, 8 That's my fiend, A To] ofrja]. BAZ] a, 8 Seoul. Look at the pictures and fill in the blanks using OIC. The computer is on the desk. The shoes are under the desk. The chair is in front of the desk. F oll AO] Boia. The plant and coat hanger are baside the desk.
The coat hanger is to the right of the desk. The desk is between the plant and the coat hanger. AIF we, have a bicycle. A Whereis the book? A Whereis the bank? B Bil Bol] ola, B It's next to the school.
BU], Boa, 8 Yes, have one. Describe this room. Look at the picture and write the appropriate word in each blank as shown in the exemple. Sino-Korean numbers are used to express such things as telephone numbers, bus route numbers, height, weight, address numbers, years, months, minutes, seconds, and prices.
When appearing in telephone nunabers, is used. A What bus do you tke? B 25,e]4]2. B Ul, 20]2, ]]. TSA] 4] E em o] 2. They are generally used along with unit nouns that express the appropriate unit when counting things or people. A How many family members do you have? Be] 7S2 uy] Bolo. What Month? What Day? Aloial Alalel Alale algal tial Agta! What Day of the Week? A ] FE 2elojo] a? AA When did you get married? When referring to a time when an action takes place, the particle Ol is attached to the end of the time noun.
A What tima is it now? B tts in the moming. A What time is it now? BFA] Ae Aelea. B Obs Ue Ale] deja, B wake up at in the morning.
This is the 9 o'clock news. Do you have any questions? It is used mainly in formal or public situations such as in the military, news broadcasts, presentations, meetings, and lectures. Sina are In Conversation A ao] B47? A Are you going to school? Bl, such. B Yes, sat breakfast. B Yes, exercise. Doas it taste good? Bu], Brg a. Yes, it tastes good. A ofclol] Compared to the formal polite style, this style is softer and less formal and is therefore used mainly among family members, friends, and other close acquaintances.
The declarative and interrogative forms of the informal polite style are the same. The declarative form is therefore made by ending the sentence in a falling tone while the interrogative form is made by ending the sentence in a rising tone, OF is used when the word stem ends in or -L.
In Korean, the present tense forms include not only the present tense but also the present progressive tense and a future tense in which itis clear that a future event will occur. B Ul, HLA, aajaleloi a. It was interesting, A Fuel] 3 Mola? B listened to music. Mere cuneate nA en ksi! B Use] Bolt Ajo] a. A Sao] HS Aa? B aS SZ. What will Wang Jing do this week? Weslay was sleeping at that time. To express the continuation of an action that occurred sometime in the past, —i1 QSACt is used.
A of ob ashe eistol2? Yoja, 8 I'm living in Seoul. What ss you co yesterday? He's a teacher. I'm busy. Ada Ba? This pattern is added to verbs and adjectives to negate an action or state. As your house far away? B Ya, e ola, , 8 No, its not faraway. Its close. Top Korean Words author LinguaJunkie. Reference Grammar of Korean author Samuel E. Martin Source: Monumenta Altaica Billy Korean.
Hangul — The Korean Alphabet author Alualuna. Billy Korean English — Korean Phonetic Dictionary author D. Bangerter Source: Xacobeo. Top most useful korean verbs author Sydneytoseoul Source: Sydneytoseoul.
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